update 20251007

code/adjoint/geos_chem_adj_mod.f

@@ -283,11 +283,11 @@
       LOGICAL :: FIRST_WEAK
 
       !=================================================================
-      ! GEOS-CHEM-ADJ starts here!
+      ! GEOS-CHEM-ADJ starts here! 开始伴随过程
       !=================================================================
 
       !=================================================================
-      !            ***** I N I T I A L I Z A T I O N *****
+      !            ***** I N I T I A L I Z A T I O N ***** 初始化
       !=================================================================
 
       !----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@
       WRITE( 6, '(a)'   ) REPEAT( '=', 79 )
       WRITE( 6, '(a,/)'   ) 'B A C K W A R D   I N T E G R A T I O N'
 
-      ! Now set DIRECTION to -1 to indicate that it's adjoint integration
+      ! Now set DIRECTION to -1 to indicate that it's adjoint integration 设置积分的方向
       CALL SET_DIRECTION( -1 )
 
       ! Initialize allocatable arrays
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@
       !ENDIF
 
 
-      ! Open BACKWD_met file
+      ! Open BACKWD_met file 打开逆向的气象文件，里面就是一些描述信息倒是
       CALL DISPLAY_MET(165,0)
 
       ! Define time variables for use below
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@
       ENDIF
 
       ! BUG FIX: need to reset EMS_SF_ADJ so that gradients do not
-      ! accumulate from one iteration to the next. (zj, dkh, 07/30/10)
+      ! accumulate from one iteration to the next. (zj, dkh, 07/30/10) 在每次迭代中重置了梯度的数组
       IF ( LADJ_EMS ) EMS_SF_ADJ = 0D0
 
       ! for new strat. chem. (hml, 08/09/11, adj32_025)
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@
       IF ( LADJ_RRATE ) RATE_SF_ADJ = 0D0
 
       !=================================================================
-      !      ***** 6 - H O U R   T I M E S T E P   L O O P  *****
+      !      ***** 6 - H O U R   T I M E S T E P   L O O P  ***** 进行 6 小时的积分
       !=================================================================
 
       ! Echo message before first timestep
@@ -368,28 +368,28 @@
 
       ! NSTEP is the number of dynamic timesteps w/in a 6-h interval
       ! N_DYN_STEPS = 360 / GET_TS_DYN()
-      ! now with geos-fp  (lzh, 07/10/2014)
+      ! now with geos-fp  (lzh, 07/10/2014) 计算需要计算的次数 N_DYN_STEPS
 #if   defined( GEOS_FP )
       N_DYN_STEPS = 180 / GET_TS_DYN()     ! GEOS-5.7.x has a 3-hr interval
 #else
       N_DYN_STEPS = 360 / GET_TS_DYN()     ! All other met has a 6hr interval
 #endif
 
-      FINAL_ELAPSED_MIN = GET_ELAPSED_MIN()
+      FINAL_ELAPSED_MIN = GET_ELAPSED_MIN() ! 获得程序运行的分钟数（？）应该不是指现实时间
 
-      ! Start a new 6-h loop
+      ! Start a new 6-h loop 开始迭代积分
       DO
 
-      ! Get dynamic timestep in seconds
+      ! Get dynamic timestep in seconds 获得积分时间
       N_DYN = 60d0 * GET_TS_DYN()
 
-      ! Compute time parameters at start of 6-h loop
+      ! Compute time parameters at start of 6-h loop 获取当前时间
       CALL SET_CURRENT_TIME
 
       !=================================================================
-      !     ***** D Y N A M I C   T I M E S T E P   L O O P *****
+      !     ***** D Y N A M I C   T I M E S T E P   L O O P ***** 开始积分
       !=================================================================
-      DO MIN_ADJ = FINAL_ELAPSED_MIN - GET_TS_DYN(), 0, - GET_TS_DYN()
+      DO MIN_ADJ = FINAL_ELAPSED_MIN - GET_TS_DYN(), 0, - GET_TS_DYN() ! 从最后时刻反向积分到 0 时刻
 
          ! mak debug
          WRITE(6,*)'start of adj time step'
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
          ! Compute & print time quantities at start of dyn step
          CALL SET_CURRENT_TIME
 
-         ! Set time variables for dynamic loop
+         ! Set time variables for dynamic loop 获得时间参数
          !DAY         = GET_DAY()
          DAY_OF_YEAR = GET_DAY_OF_YEAR()
          ELAPSED_SEC = GET_ELAPSED_SEC()
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@
 
          !CALL MAKE_ADJOINT_CHKFILE( NYMD, NHMS, TAU )
 
-         ! Get info from the perturbed forward run
+         ! Get info from the perturbed forward run 从前向模拟中获得相关信息和数据，输入的是时间
          CALL LOAD_CHECKPT_DATA( NYMD, NHMS )
 
          ! mkeller: weak constraint stuff
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@
          ENDIF
 
          !============================================================
-         !           ***** R E A D   M E T   F I E L D S *****
+         !           ***** R E A D   M E T   F I E L D S ***** 读取气象场数据
          !============================================================
          ! If it is the first time through, we will use i6 field from the
          ! forward calculation, and all we need to do is set NSECb_ADJ
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@
          ENDIF
 
          !==============================================================
-         !          ***** R E A D   I - 6   F I E L D S *****
+         !          ***** R E A D   I - 6   F I E L D S ***** 读取 I6 场
          !==============================================================
 !!! geos-fp (lzh, 07/10/2014)
 #if   defined( GEOS_FP )
@@ -502,8 +502,8 @@
             ! Compute avg pressure at polar caps (for ADJ argument is PS1, not PS2)
             CALL AVGPOLE( PS1 )
 
-            ! Set NSECb_ADJ to be used for the interpolation
+            ! Set NSECb_ADJ to be used for the interpolation 这个参数是用来插值的
-            ! where NSECb_ADJ is the total elapsed time in seconds at the
+            ! where NSECb_ADJ is the total elapsed time in seconds at the 表示从当前 6 小时时间步开始的秒钟数
             ! beginning of the current 6h time step which contains ELAPSED_MIN
             NSECb_ADJ = ( MIN_ADJ + GET_TS_DYN() ) * 60  - 3 * 3600
          ENDIF
@@ -524,9 +524,9 @@
             ! Get the date/time for the previous I-6 data block
             BEHIND_DATE = GET_I6_TIME_ADJ()
 
-            ! Open and read files
+            ! Open and read files 虽然是打开了气象场文件，但不确定是正向模拟使用的还是专用于伴随的，程序是专用于伴随的
             CALL OPEN_I6_FIELDS_ADJ(  BEHIND_DATE(1), BEHIND_DATE(2) )
-            CALL GET_I6_FIELDS_1_ADJ( BEHIND_DATE(1), BEHIND_DATE(2) )
+            CALL GET_I6_FIELDS_1_ADJ( BEHIND_DATE(1), BEHIND_DATE(2) ) ! 从这边看应该是读取的原始气象场
             PRINT*,'I6 DATE = ',BEHIND_DATE(1),BEHIND_DATE(2)
 
             ! Compute avg pressure at polar caps (for ADJ argument is PS1, not PS2)
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@
             CALL GET_A3_FIELDS(  BEHIND_DATE(1), BEHIND_DATE(2) )
 
             ! Update daily mean temperature archive for MEGAN biogenics
-            ! For adjoint, read in checkpointed values (dkh, 01/23/10)
+            ! For adjoint, read in checkpointed values (dkh, 01/23/10) 对于伴随来说，则是将气象场读入检查点值
             IF ( LMEGAN ) CALL UPDATE_T_DAY_ADJ
 
 #if   defined( GEOS_3 )
@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@
 #endif
 
          !DAY_OF_SIM initialized to -1 in INIT_ADJ_ARRAYS
-         ! keeps tabs of day of simulation, going backward in time
+         ! keeps tabs of day of simulation, going backward in time 确保模拟是反向运行的
          ! this is handy for storing diagnostic files that have dimensions
          ! (IIPAR,JJPAR,DAYS), where DAYS is number of days in simulation
          ! (adj_group, 6/09/09)
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@
 
 
          !==============================================================
-         ! ***** M O N T H L Y   O R   S E A S O N A L   D A T A *****
+         ! ***** M O N T H L Y   O R   S E A S O N A L   D A T A ***** 月度或者季节数据
          !==============================================================
 
          ! UV albedoes
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@
 
 
          !==============================================================
-         !              ***** D A I L Y   D A T A *****
+         !              ***** D A I L Y   D A T A ***** 读取每日的数据
          !
          ! RDLAI  returns today's leaf-area index
          ! RDSOIL returns today's soil type information
@@ -726,7 +726,7 @@
          !   ***** I N T E R P O L A T E   Q U A N T I T I E S *****
          !
          ! Interpolate I-6 fields to current dynamic timestep,
-         ! based on their values at NSEC and NSEC+NTDT
+         ! based on their values at NSEC and NSEC+NTDT 将气象场数据插值到当前时刻
          !==============================================================
 
 #if defined ( GEOS_3 )
@@ -739,11 +739,11 @@
          ENDIF
 #endif
 
-         ! If we are not doing transport, then make sure that
+         ! If we are not doing transport, then make sure that 为什么会有不做传输的选项啊
          ! the floating pressure is set to PSC2 (bdf, bmy, 8/22/02)
          IF ( .not. LTRAN ) CALL SET_FLOATING_PRESSURE( PSC2 )
 
-         ! Compute airmass quantities at each grid box
+         ! Compute airmass quantities at each grid box 计算每个网格的空气质量
          CALL AIRQNT
 
          ! OLD:
@@ -2721,7 +2721,7 @@
 !
 !******************************************************************************
 !  Subroutine CALC_ADJ_FORCE_FOR_SENS calculates the cost function for
-!  sensitivity calculations. (dkh, ks, mak, cs  06/08/09)
+!  sensitivity calculations. (dkh, ks, mak, cs  06/08/09) 用于敏感性计算的程序
 !
 !  NOTE:
 !  (1 ) Split off from CALC_ADJ_FORCE (dkh, ks, mak, cs  06/08/09)
@@ -3387,7 +3387,7 @@
 !
 !******************************************************************************
 !  Subroutine LOAD_CHECKPT_DATA reads in information stored during the forward
-!   calculation.  Some of the data (CSPEC) needs to be rotated.
+!   calculation.  Some of the data (CSPEC) needs to be rotated. 读取前向模型的相关数据，某些数据可能需要转置 
 ! (dkh, 08/10/05)
 !
 !  Arguments as Input:
@@ -3468,7 +3468,7 @@
       ! LOAD_CHECKPT_DATA begins here!
       !=================================================================
 
-      ! Load the TMP met fields so they can rotate in later.
+      ! Load the TMP met fields so they can rotate in later. 设置了一些临时变量
       IF ( FIRST ) THEN
          SLP_TMP(:,:) = SLP(:,:)
 #if   defined( GEOS_3 ) || defined( GEOS_4 ) || defined( GEOS_5 ) || defined(GEOS_FP)
@@ -3481,26 +3481,26 @@
          FIRST = .FALSE.
       ENDIF
 
-      IF ( ITS_TIME_FOR_CHEM() ) THEN
+      IF ( ITS_TIME_FOR_CHEM() ) THEN ! 如果是需要计算化学过程
 
          ! Rotate arrays for fullchem
-         IF ( ITS_A_FULLCHEM_SIM() ) THEN
+         IF ( ITS_A_FULLCHEM_SIM() ) THEN ! 如果全化学模拟
 
-            IF ( TURNAROUND .and. IDO3 /= 0 .and. IDNO2 /=0 ) THEN
+            IF ( TURNAROUND .and. IDO3 /= 0 .and. IDNO2 /=0 ) THEN ! 如果包含 O3 和 NO2？
 
                ! Added in v16 (dkh, 08/27/06)
                ! Get directly from CSPEC the first time
 !$OMP PARALLEL DO
 !$OMP+DEFAULT( SHARED )
 !$OMP+PRIVATE( JLOOP, N, IDCSPEC )
-               DO JLOOP = 1, ITLOOP
+               DO JLOOP = 1, ITLOOP ! 对？迭代
-               DO N = 1, NOBS_CSPEC
+               DO N = 1, NOBS_CSPEC ! 对所有化学物种迭代
 
-                  IDCSPEC = IDCSPEC_ADJ(N)
+                  IDCSPEC = IDCSPEC_ADJ(N) ! 获取对应的 ID
                   ! Now make this more general (dkh, 02/09/11)
                   !O3_AFTER_CHEM(JLOOP) = CSPEC(JLOOP,IDO3)
                   !NO2_AFTER_CHEM(JLOOP) = CSPEC(JLOOP,IDNO2)
-                  CSPEC_AFTER_CHEM(JLOOP,N) = CSPEC(JLOOP,IDCSPEC)
+                  CSPEC_AFTER_CHEM(JLOOP,N) = CSPEC(JLOOP,IDCSPEC) ! 大概是 ID 和 迭代的对应？
 
                ENDDO
                ENDDO
@@ -3534,13 +3534,13 @@
 !$OMP END PARALLEL DO
             ENDIF
 
-            ! Turnaround will be false after the first time through this routine
+            ! Turnaround will be false after the first time through this routine 在第一次运行后，ID 获取的来源就环卫 CHK_CSPEC
             TURNAROUND = .FALSE.
 
          ENDIF   ! fullchem
 
          ! Read data from file
-         CALL READ_CHECKPT_FILE ( NYMD, NHMS )
+         CALL READ_CHECKPT_FILE ( NYMD, NHMS ) ! 读取检查点文件
 
          IF ( ITS_A_FULLCHEM_SIM() .AND. LCHEM ) THEN
 

code/modified/geos_chem_mod.f

@@ -2424,10 +2424,10 @@
 !******************************************************************************
 ! Subroutine DISPLAY_MET writes out met field and computed data to the
 !  screen, used for checking that the fwd and backwd runs are in sync.
-!  (dkh, 03/13/05)
+!  (dkh, 03/13/05) 输出气象文件，并且计算，保证正向的和逆向的运行一致？
 !
 !  NOTES:
-!  (1 ) Use FID = 155 for fwd run and FID = 165 for backwd run
+!  (1 ) Use FID = 155 for fwd run and FID = 165 for backwd run 155 是正向运行的，165 是逆向运行的，主要是决定了使用的文件名
 !
 !******************************************************************************
 !
@@ -2474,7 +2474,7 @@
       ENDIF
 
       IF ( LOCATION == 0 ) THEN
-         ! Open files for output
+         ! Open files for output 打开输出文件，写入当前的坐标信息？
          OPEN( FID,      FILE=TRIM( FILENAME ), STATUS='UNKNOWN',
      &       IOSTAT=IOS, FORM='FORMATTED',    ACCESS='SEQUENTIAL' )
 
@@ -2493,9 +2493,9 @@
 #endif
 
       ELSEIF ( LOCATION == 1 ) THEN
-         ! Hours since start of run
+         ! Hours since start of run 也就是正向模拟运行的过程
 
-         ! Write quantities
+         ! Write quantities 写入一些当前时间的量，感觉这个文件主要是包含了一堆描述信息？
          WRITE( FID, 100 ) GET_YEAR(), GET_MONTH(), GET_DAY(),
      &                     GET_HOUR(), GET_MINUTE()
 

code/obs_operators/geocape_ch4_mod.f

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
       !=================================================================
 
       ! Parameters
-      INTEGER, PARAMETER         :: LLGEOCAPE   = 13
+      INTEGER, PARAMETER         :: LLGEOCAPE   = 13 ! 卫星观测的垂直层数
       INTEGER, PARAMETER         :: MAXGEOCAPE  = 639059
 
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
       REAL*8                     :: TOTERROR_INV( LLGEOCAPE, LLGEOCAPE )
       REAL*8                     :: PRESSURE( LLGEOCAPE )
       REAL*8                     :: PRESSURE_EDGE( LLGEOCAPE )
-      REAL*8                     :: RANDNUM( MAXGEOCAPE )
+      REAL*8                     :: RANDNUM( MAXGEOCAPE ) ! 保存了随机数的数组
 
 
       CONTAINS
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 !  Subroutine READ_GEOCAPE_INFO reads and stores information about the new
 !  instrument, specifically AK, pressure levels and error covariance matrices.
 !    (kjw, 07/24/11)
-!
+!  用于读取卫星观测的数据，保存 AK、气压以及误差协方差矩阵（没有观测值么），应该有观测值
 !  Arguments as Input:
 !  ============================================================================
 !  (1 ) FILENAME   (CHAR) : GEOCAPE filename to read
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
 
       ! Read and store one variable at a time
 
-         ! ------ Averaging Kernel Matrix ------
+         ! ------ Averaging Kernel Matrix ------ 读取平均核函数，并保存在模块变量中
          ! Filename to read
          READ_FILENAME = TRIM( '/home/kjw/new_satellites/geocape/' ) //
      &                   'data/' // TRIM( 'geocape_AK.txt' )
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
          CLOSE( IU_IN )
 
 
-         ! ------ Observation Error Covariance Matrix ------
+         ! ------ Observation Error Covariance Matrix ------ 读取误差协方差矩阵
          ! Filename to read
          READ_FILENAME = TRIM( '/home/kjw/new_satellites/geocape/' ) //
      &                   'data/' // TRIM( 'geocape_obs_error.txt' )
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
      &         STATUS='OLD', IOSTAT=IOS )
          IF ( IOS /= 0 ) CALL IOERROR( IOS, IU_IN, 'read_obs_error:1' )
 
-         ! Read File and save info into module variable OBSERROR(:,:)
+         ! Read File and save info into module variable OBSERROR(:,:) 读取观测误差
          DO LN=1,LLGEOCAPE
             READ( IU_IN, '(13F18.12)', IOSTAT=IOS ) OBSERROR(LN,:)
 
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
          CLOSE( IU_IN )
 
 
-         ! ------ Inverse of Observation Error Covariance Matrix ------
+         ! ------ Inverse of Observation Error Covariance Matrix ------ 对观测误差协方差矩阵求逆
          ! Filename to read
          READ_FILENAME = TRIM( '/home/kjw/new_satellites/geocape/' ) //
      &                   'data/' // TRIM( 'geocape_obs_error_inv.txt' )
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@
 !         CLOSE( IU_IN )
 
 
-         ! ------ Pressure Levels ------
+         ! ------ Pressure Levels ------ 读取气压数据
          ! Filename to read
          READ_FILENAME = TRIM( '/home/kjw/new_satellites/geocape/' ) //
      &                   'data/' // TRIM( 'geocape_pressure.txt' )
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@
          CLOSE( IU_IN )
 
 
-         ! ------ Pressure Edges ------
+         ! ------ Pressure Edges ------ 获取气压的边界值
          ! By finite difference on log(pressure) grid
          PRESSURE_EDGE(1) = PRESSURE(1)
          PRESSURE_EDGE(LLGEOCAPE) = 0.
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@
          ENDDO
 
 
-      ! Return to calling program
+      ! Return to calling program 还真没有直接读取观测值
       END SUBROUTINE READ_GEOCAPE_INFO
 !------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
 !******************************************************************************
 !  Subroutine CALC_GEOCAPE_CH4_FORCE calculates the adjoint forcing from the GEOCAPE
 !  CH4 observations and updates the cost function. (kjw, 07/20/11)
-!
+!  该程序计算伴随强迫，并且更新代价函数
 !
 !  Arguments as Input/Output:
 !  ============================================================================
@@ -362,10 +362,10 @@
       NEW_COST(:) = 0d0
 
 
-      ! Open files for output
+      ! Open files for output 在第一次运行时会打开相关文件用于输出（？）
       IF ( FIRST ) THEN
          FILENAME = 'pres.NN.m'
-         CALL EXPAND_NAME( FILENAME, N_CALC )
+         CALL EXPAND_NAME( FILENAME, N_CALC ) ! 替换文件名中的 NN 为迭代次数
          FILENAME =  TRIM( DIAGADJ_DIR ) //  TRIM( FILENAME )
          OPEN( 101,      FILE=TRIM( FILENAME  ), STATUS='UNKNOWN',
      &       IOSTAT=IOS, FORM='FORMATTED',    ACCESS='SEQUENTIAL' )
@@ -471,11 +471,11 @@
       !FILENAME_OBS = TRIM( ADJTMP_DIR   )  //  TRIM( FILENAME_OBS )
       XTAU = GET_TAU()
       CALL READ_BPCH2( TRIM(FILENAME_OBS), 'IJ-OBS-$', 1,
-     &                 XTAU,          IIPAR,     JJPAR,
+     &                 XTAU,          IIPAR,     JJPAR, ! II, JJ, LL 都是维度大小而非坐标
-     &                 LLPAR,         DUMMY_TRUE ,  QUIET=.TRUE.)
+     &                 LLPAR,         DUMMY_TRUE ,  QUIET=.TRUE.) ! DUMMY_TRUE 为读取的观测数据？
       GC_CH4_TRUE_ARRAY(:,:,:) = DUMMY_TRUE(:,:,:)
 
-      ! Convert from [kg] --> [v/v]
+      ! Convert from [kg] --> [v/v] 单位转换
       DO II=1,IIPAR
       DO JJ=1,JJPAR
       DO LG=1,LLPAR
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@
       print*, '    - CALC_GEOCAPE_CH4_FORCE  ', GET_NYMD(), GET_NHMS()
 
 
-      ! Loop over each grid box north of the minimum latitude
+      ! Loop over each grid box north of the minimum latitude 对于每个网格进行循环
       !   1. Determine number of observations in the current grid box
       !   2. Make obseravations
       DO II = 1,    IIPAR
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@
             ! Get GEOS-Chem pressure and CH4 column corresponding to this grid box.
             ! CH4 in [kg/box] and pressure in [hPa]
             ! Get column of pressure centers and CH4 values
-            DO LG=1,LLPAR
+            DO LG=1,LLPAR ! 对垂直上进行循环，计算柱浓度
 
                ! Pressure centers [hPa]
                GC_PCENTER(LG) = GET_PCENTER(II,JJ,LG)
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@
             !     GEOS-Chem surface pressure < GEOCAPE pressure levels
             nlev = count( PRESSURE_EDGE .LT. GC_PEDGE(1) )
             IF ( nlev .LT. 13 )  nlev = nlev + 1
-            lind = LLGEOCAPE + 1 - nlev ! minimum vertical index on GEOCAPE grid
+            lind = LLGEOCAPE + 1 - nlev ! minimum vertical index on GEOCAPE grid 最小气压层的索引
 
 
             ! Get interpolation matrix that maps GEOS-Chem to GEOCAPE grid
@@ -908,13 +908,13 @@
 !******************************************************************************
 !  Subroutine CALC_GEOCAPE_CH4_FORCE calculates the adjoint forcing from the GEOCAPE
 !  CH4 observations and updates the cost function. (kjw, 07/20/11)
-!
+!  似乎是伴随强迫使用的程序，输出不仅有代价函数，还有伴随强迫（不过需要输入扰动）
 !
 !  Arguments as Input/Output:
 !  ============================================================================
 !  (1 ) COST_FUNC_A (REAL*8) : Cost funciton (INOUT)                 [unitless]
-!  (2 ) PERT        (Real*8) : Array of perturbations to CH4 column (+/- 0.1, for ex.)
+!  (2 ) PERT        (Real*8) : Array of perturbations to CH4 column (+/- 0.1, for ex.) 扰动的柱浓度
-!  (5 ) ADJ         (REAL*8) : Array of adjoint forcings (OUT)
+!  (5 ) ADJ         (REAL*8) : Array of adjoint forcings (OUT) 强迫伴随
 !
 !  NOTES:
 !  (1 )